Financial Decisions, Financial Performance, and Firm Value: Evidence from Food and Beverage Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the effects of investment decisions, funding decisions, and dividend policy on financial performance and firm value, and tests the intervening role of financial performance in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).

Research Method: The study uses a quantitative associative design with secondary financial-statement data for 2022–2025. From a population of 47 companies, 21 companies were selected using purposive sampling, producing 84 firm-year observations. Investment decisions were measured by Price Earnings Ratio (PER), funding decisions by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), dividend policy by Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), financial performance by Return on Assets (ROA), and firm value by Price to Book Value (PBV). Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) with SmartPLS 4.

Results and Discussion: Investment and funding decisions negatively and significantly affected financial performance, while dividend policy had a positive and significant effect. Funding decisions negatively and significantly affected firm value, whereas investment decisions and dividend policy had no significant direct effects. Financial performance positively and significantly affected firm value and significantly mediated the effects of investment decisions, funding decisions, and dividend policy on firm value.

Implications: The findings emphasize disciplined investment and funding management and the importance of profitability in strengthening market valuation.

Originality: This study integrates three financial decisions with financial performance as an intervening mechanism in explaining firm value in the Indonesian food and beverage sector.